p-Hydroxy-cinnamic acid

Folin-Ciocalteureagent,gallic acid, catechinand otherpolyphenolicstandardswere purchasedfrom SichuanWeikeqiBiologicalTechnologyCo., Ltd. (China).1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH),2,2’-azinobis(3-ethyl-benzothiazoline-6-sulfonicacid)diammoniumsalt(ABTS),2,4,6-tris(2-pyridyl)-s-triazine(TPTZ),trolox,α-amylase,α-glucosidaseand 4-nitrophenyl-α-D-gluco-pyranoside(α-PNPG)wereobtainedfromSigma–Aldrich(USA).

Standard compounds including chlorogenic acid, caf-feic acid,p-hydroxycinnamic acid, hyperin, astragalin,quercetin, and kaempferol were procured from SichuanWeikeqiBiotechnological(purities>98.5%).Prednisolone,MS-222, DMSO, paraformaldehyde, and Alizarin RedS were purchased from Shanghai Aladdin Biochemi-cal Technology.

The standards of puerarin, daidzin, p-hydroxycinnamic acid, daidzein, apigenin, biochanin A, ononin, naringenin, genistein, formoononetin, β-sitosterol, umbelliferone (internal standard 1, IS1), and rutin (internal standard 2, IS2) were purchased from Sichuan Weikeqi Biological Technology (Sichuan, China). The purity of all standards was over 98%. The structure of analytes and ISs are demonstrated in Figure 1.

Control of Pharmaceutical

and Biological Products (Beijing, China). p-Coumaric acid,

ononin, sweroside, astragaloside I, calycosin, and calycosin-7-Ob-D-glucoside were purchased from Sichuan Weikeqi Biotech

Co. Ltd. (Chengdu, China). The purity of all of the reference

compounds was determined to be greater than 98% by HPLC

analysis.

hydroxysafflor yellow A, astragaloside IV, ferulic acidand formononetin were provided by the Chinese National Institute forthe Control of Pharmaceutical and Biological Products (Beijing, China);sweroside,p-coumaric acid, Astragaloside I, ononin, calycosin and caly-cosin-7-O-b-D-glucopyranoside were purchased from Sichuan WeikeqiBiotech Co. Ltd

Thestandards of syringic acid, ferulic acid,p-coumaric acid, isoquercitrin,hyperoside, avicularin, quercitrin, and the IS of danshensu (IS2) werefrom Sichuan Weikeqi Biological Technology Co., Ltd. (Sichuan,China). The structure of analytes and ISs is presented in Figure 1.Acetonitrile, methanol, acetic acid, and formic acid of HPLC gradewere obtained from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Fair Lawn, NJ, USA)